The welfare conditions identified by the Blood Lions and World Animal Protection research team were categorised according to a globally accepted animal welfare model, namely Mellor’s Five Domains Model.

Mellor’s Five Domains Model of animal welfare is a widely used assessment tool. It is an holistic approach in which the mental condition of an animal is considered in addition to the four physical or functional states (namely nutrition, environment, health and behaviour) to comprehensively assess an animal’s welfare state. 

By evaluating these Five Domains, an objective assessment can be made of the welfare challenges experienced when keeping lions and other big cats in captivity. 

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